| 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | |
| Total fertility rate | 5.2 | 4.4 | 3.4 |
| Crude mortality rate (per 1000) |
13 | 7 | 5 |
| Urban population growth | 4.5% | 4.4% | 4% |
| Unemployment rate | 3% | 2.8% | 5.7% |
| 2003 | 2008 | 2015 | |
| Population size (mil) | 2.481 | 3 | 3.914 |
| Access to sufficient living area | 71% | 75.3% | 77.2% |
| Access to sanitation | 41.8% | 47% | 55.8% |
| Access to transport | 58.03% |
Site Description
The site includes two informal slum settlements in the capital city, Nairobi – Korogocho and Viwandani – covered by the Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System (NUHDSS) and administered by the APHRC.
These two informal settlements are characterized by inadequate sanitation, limited health care facilities, low-quality housing, high levels of crime, unemployment and poverty. Infant and child health indices are very poor. Both sites are multi-ethnic and include people from the Kikuyu (30%), Kamba (24%), Luhya (18%), and Luo (12%) ethnic groups, among others.
The DSS collects census data every 6 months on fertility, mortality, migration, marital status, educational attainment, ethnicity, household composition, selected child health indicators and household socio-economic status. From 2003 to 2018, the population of Korogocho grew from 30,021 to 36,276 and from 37,825 to 52,698 in Viwandani.
While the two settlements share many commonalities, Viwandani has higher formal sector employment opportunities and a more mobile population than Korogocho. This offers us a unique opportunity to examine intra slum differences in kinship support and marriage.
